Lake Natron GCA is the potential area with unique scenery and diverse of attractions ranging from beautiful scenery of volcanic mountains views to historical and cultural attractions. Breeding periods are erratic, depending on the timing of seasonal rains, but most breeding in January and October in Tanzania however, breeding occur all year round in Lake Natron, if conditions are right. Eastern Africa has between 1.5-2.5 million of lesser flamingos-representing 75 per cent of the global population and most of them are hatched at Lake Natron. Lake Natron GCA in the northern Tanzania is the most important breeding site for lesser flamingos in the world.
Lake Natron is the world’s most important breeding site for Lesser Flamingos, a species which is classified as “Near Threatened” in IUCN’s red list. It is quite shallow, less than three meters deep and varies in its width depending on its water level. The lake is principally fed by the southern Ewaso Ng’iro River which arises in central Kenya, Engaresero river in the southwest, passing near Engaresero village, Pinyinyi river which drains the north-west area in Loliondo district in Tanzania and by mineral-rich hot and cold springs. It also lies low in the Great Rift Valley surrounded by a landscape blotched with thorn trees and bush, Nearby is the Africa’s highest active volcano- Oldonyo Lengai known to the Maasai as “The Mountain of God”. Lake Natron was also designated as a Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance on 4 th July, 2001.
The alkalinity of the lake can reach a pH between 9.5-12.
Temperatures at the lake are frequently above 40 ☌ (104 ☏). The surrounding area receives irregular seasonal rainfall, mainly between December and May totaling 800 millimeters per year. It has the Lake with a maximum of 57 kilometers long and 22 kilometers wide equivalent to an area of 1254km2. The GCA includes a wetland of international importance with 224,781ha (2248km2) squeezed between Monduli and Longido districts to the east and Ngorongoro to the west at (2° 30’ S, 36 ☎). Lake Natron Game Controlled Area covering an area of 3,000 square kilometers was designated by government notice of 1974.
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